I don't think that's true. It's been in mythology and biblical texts for thousands of years - Moses, King David, Jesus, King Arthur, etc. In the 20th Century, we've got The Lord of the Rings (with Aragorn) who rather fulfils this trope as well, which predates Dune. The difference with Dune is that it's an inversion or critique of Messiah tropes.

I wrote more about that here, if you're interested. :)

https://writingcooperative.com/the-chosen-one-trope-is-it-played-out-b4d71aae4641